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Point Pelee National Park (; French ''Parc national de la Pointe-Pelée'') is a national park located in Essex County in southwestern Ontario, Canada where it extends into Lake Erie. The word ''pelée'', is French for bald. Point Pelee consists of a peninsula of land, mainly of marsh and woodland habitats, that tapers to a sharp point as it extends into Lake Erie. Middle Island, also part of Point Pelee National Park, was acquired in 2000 and is located just north of the Canada–United States border in Lake Erie. Point Pelee is the southernmost point of mainland Canada,〔 and is located on a foundation of glacial sand, silt and gravel that bites into Lake Erie. This spit of land is slightly more than seven kilometres long by wide at its northern base. Established in 1918, Point Pelee was the first national park in Canada to be established for conservation.〔 It was designated as a Ramsar site on 27 May 1987.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 Point Pelee National Park, Ontario - Information Sheet on Ramsar Wetlands )〕 ==History== Aboriginal people lived on Point Pelee for many years before European colonization, dating back to at least 6,000 years.〔 The largest archaeological site found at Point Pelee is thought to have been occupied between AD 700 and 900.〔(1978). Man’s Impact on Point Pelee National Park. Ottawa: National Provincial Parks Association.pp. 44, 53.〕 In 1790, Deputy Indian Agent Alexander McKee negotiated a treaty with Aboriginal communities that ceded a large tract of land, which included Point Pelee, to the Crown .〔"Treaty No. 2." (1992). Indian Treaties and Surrenders. Saskatoon: Fifth House Publishers.〕 The Caldwell First Nation Chippewa people, who inhabited Point Pelee, were not signatories of that treaty. However, the Crown did not realize this, and their land was ceded nonetheless. Subsequently, they were forced off their land, and Point Pelee remains unceded aboriginal land. This has been publicly acknowledged by the Department of Indian and Northern Affairs Canada.〔Leclair, Laurie. "The Caldwell People of Point Pelee and Pelee Island: A Brief History and Survey of Documents". Department of Indian Affairs and Northern Development. 1988〕 Point Pelee was made a national park in 1918 at the urging of birdwatchers and hunters. Commercial fishing continued in the park until 1969. Point Pelee was the only Canadian national park to allow hunting until duck hunting was ended in 1989. This site was named "Pointe-Pelée" (meaning "bald point" by French explorers because the eastern side was rocky and had no trees).〔(【引用サイトリンク】 Point Pelee National Park )〕 It forms the southernmost point in mainland Canada (its latitudinal position is the same as the northernmost counties of California) and is part of a bird and butterfly migration corridor over Lake Erie via Point Pelee and the Lake Erie islands. Over 360 bird species have been recorded in the park. The peak time for bird migration is spring, especially May, when tired migrants make first landfall after their journey north across the lake. Many birdwatchers from North America and abroad visit the park in spring, often staying in the nearby town of Leamington. One attraction, apart from the sheer numbers and variety of bird passing through on migration, is the opportunity to see more northerly breeding species such as blackpoll warbler before they move on. In March 2006, high winds washed away the sand point and all that remained was a platform. In October 2007 the level of lake Erie dropped enough to reveal the point again extending at least half a mile out into the water and at least wide with a winding curve shape to it. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Point Pelee National Park」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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